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Aspect 상
grammatical aspect - progressive, perfect
lexical aspect - activity, achievement, accomplishment, stative...
Lexical aspect
stative v
dynamic v - activity v, achievement v, accomplishment v
1. stative verb
상태, 상황 (states, situation)
;cognitive, physical and emotional states
상태동사의 특징 (7)
-end point x - atelic verb
- unchanging, last for a long and indefinite time
- start~stop 가능, finish x(=end point x)
He stopped loving her
* He finished loving susan
-how long~? question ok
-do not normally occur in progressive aspect form (예외적경우는 있으나)
-cannot occur manner adverbs
-cannot occur in pseudo-cleft sentences
*what Bill did was resemble his brother.
[상태동사의 예]
sensory perception -smell, see, hear, taste, feel
description, perception - be, resemble, sound, appear, seem, look
possession - have. possess, own, belong
emotion,attitude,opinion- like, love, hate, dislike, want, desire, need, prefer, appreciate, doubt, feel wish
measurement - equal, measure, weigh, cost
relationship -contain, equal, consist of
Dynamic verbs
2. activity verb
activity verb의 특징
- go on for a indefinite period time
- durative, ongoing action, end point x, atelic verb
-how long~
-can occur in progressive aspect
3. achievement verb
achievement verb의 특징
-occur instantaneously
-punctual or change of state
-well-definite end point 존재, no duration
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4. accomplishment verb
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accomplishment verb의 특징
start~stop, finish가능, but stop의 경우 accomplishment이루어지지 않음
-전치사 in
